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明智父母腹泻指南

In Babies, Health & Nutrition, Toddlers on February 26, 2018 - 06:48


新晋父母可能从未想过自己会全神贯注地讨论大便问题。

除了观察颜色、黏稠度和频率变化外,父母还需了解宝宝出现腹泻时该怎么办。

首先,在解决腹泻之前,您应该注意哪种症状?

Source: WebMD

如何了解您的宝宝是否有腹泻

宝宝的大便颜色和黏稠度各种各样,如果出现以下情况,您就可以确定是否出现腹泻:

  1. 在前一两个小时内,每次换尿布时会出现水样大便。
  2. 连续数天出现水样大便。

您还可以使用上文中的WebMD Bristol工具表来检查宝宝的大便。徘徊在5、6和7之间的物质接近腹泻区域,因此请观察宝宝大便的黏稠度是否与之一致。

但如果突然出现以下症状,请立即看医生:

  1. 虽然有喂食,但宝宝不断出现囟门凹陷
  2. 大便带血
  3. 较小的婴儿发高烧(3个月以下的婴儿高烧超过38°C;3个月至12个月的婴儿高烧超过8°C )
  4. 大便中有黏液
  5. 严重腹泻
  6. 呕吐
  7. 排尿较少(较少更换尿布)
  8. 哭闹和焦躁
  9. 口干
  10. 哭的时候无泪
  11. 按压皮肤后不会回弹

以上症状表明您的宝宝出现(或即将出现)脱水,并且可能存在腹泻。

您是否已做好准备来为宝宝解决腹泻问题?

引起腹泻的原因?

既然您已了解如何为宝宝解决腹泻问题,现在就来了解下引起腹泻的原因。常言道,预防是最好的治疗。

1. 感染

当您的孩子与病毒或细菌相抗争时,他们的免疫和消化系统就会出问题,此时可能会出现腹泻。您的孩子甚至可能患有轮状病毒,但有种疫苗可治疗这种病毒,该疫苗是新加坡婴儿必须接种的疫苗。请与您儿科医生或综合医院联系,了解疫苗的接种时间。

2. 使用抗生素

纽约蒙特法沃医疗中心儿童医院儿科抗菌药物管理项目的主任Iona Munjal医学博士表示,抗生素会杀死有益和有害的细菌。在胃里被杀死的有益细菌可能会促进消化过程。

3. 寄生虫

寄生虫可能会在游乐场、日托中心或家里的玩具和物品上,把玩具和物品放入口中的孩子更容易感染寄生虫。

4. 过敏

过敏也会导致腹泻。除食物外,也会有多种原因造成过敏,您的宝宝可能会因昆虫叮咬、植物花粉或药物而过敏。在某些情况下,过敏甚至可能会遗传,孩子的身体会对外部刺激产生反应。

宝宝腹泻时您该怎么做?

如果您已确定您的孩子出现腹泻并需要进行腹泻治疗,您在家中应作何处理?

以下是一些专家建议。请谨记,在给宝宝服用任何药物或新物质之前,应向医生咨询:

1. 除非医生建议,否则不要给宝宝服用药物

只有医生才能为您的宝宝提供药物治疗,因此最好向专家咨询。

2. 提供口服补液

如果儿科医生建议您给宝宝服用口服补液,则您可以给宝宝服用。此外,多以母乳和奶瓶喂食宝宝。不要给宝宝喂食果汁、含糖饮料或非处方药,因为这会加重病情。

3. 继续喂食固体食物并稍作调整

专家表示,您不应在宝宝出现腹泻时停止给宝宝喂食固体食物。您可以给宝宝喂食更多的全麦面包、鸡丝等瘦肉、燕麦片和薄脆饼干,也可以给宝宝喂食香蕉和苹果酱,但不要忘记让宝宝摄入蛋白质。如果您的宝宝食欲不振,您可以给宝宝喂食粥、米粉汤或鱼汤等流体食物,确保宝宝食用适宜的流体食物。

4. 温和清洗宝宝的屁股并保持清洁

由于宝宝的排便次数增加,宝宝的屁股会疼痛并且容易出现尿布疹。清洗过多也会擦伤皮肤,宝宝可能会倍感不适。用温水代替擦拭纸巾进行清洗,让宝宝的屁股自然风干,勤换尿布以减少细菌增长。可给宝宝擦尿布疹霜来舒缓宝宝娇嫩的肌肤。

但是,如果宝宝不大便该怎么办?请点击此处

为宝宝解决复杂的腹部问题是助力全球宝宝健康的重要之举。您只需提高警惕并具备相关知识就能像专业医师一样帮孩子解决腹泻问题。

爸爸妈妈们,也请和我们分享宝宝腹泻时您准备的特殊食物吧!

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An informed parents’ guide to diarrhoea

In Babies, Health & Nutrition, Toddlers on February 26, 2018 - 06:48


New parents would agree that they would never expect to be engrossed in a discussion about poop.

Besides monitoring for a change in colour, consistency and frequency, parents need to know what to do when your baby or toddler has a diarrhoea.

First, what sort of symptoms should you observe before addressing the case of diarrhoea?

Source: WebMD

How do you know if your baby has diarrhoea

Babies poop in a myriad of colours and consistency, you can identify an onset of diarrhoea if they exhibit the following:

  1. Watery poop with every new diaper change in the last one or two hours.
  2. Watery poop for the past few days.

You can also use the WebMD Bristol Tool Chart above for examining your baby’s poop. Anything that hovers around 5, 6 and 7 is close to diarrhoea territory, so monitor your baby for consistent stools as
such.

But if these symptoms flare up, go to a doctor right away:

  1. Consistent sunken fontanel despite feedings
  2. Blood in stool
  3. High fever in very young babies (above 38°C for babies younger than 3 months; above 38.8°C for ages 3 months to 12 months)
  4. Mucus in the stool
  5. Severe diarrhoea
  6. Vomiting
  7. Infrequent urination (less diaper changes)
  8. Fussiness and irritability
  9. Dry mouth
  10. Lack of tears when crying
  11. Skin doesn’t spring back when you depress it

The above are signs that your child is dehydrated (or on their way there) and there may be an underlying condition to the diarrhoea.

Are you equipped to relieve your baby of tummy troubles?

What causes diarrhoea?

Now that you understand how to detect diarrhoea care for your baby, it is time to take a better look at
the causes. As the saying goes, prevention is the best remedy.

1. Infection

When your child is fighting off a virus or bacteria, their immune and digestive systems act up. That might lead to loose stools. Your child may even have rotavirus, but there is a vaccine for this and is included in the required vaccine schedule for babies in Singapore. Do check with your child’s paediatrician or the polyclinics on the vaccination schedule.

2. Antibiotic use

According to Iona Munjal, M.D., director of the Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Medical Center in Bronx, New York, antibiotics kill bad and good bacteria. The good ones being killed off in the tummy would compromise on digestive process.

3. Parasites

Kids who put things in their mouths are more susceptible to this as parasites can live on their toys and objects found in playgrounds, daycare centers or homes.

4. Allergies

Allergies could also be a trigger to diarrhoea. The kind of allergy developed comes in many forms besides food; your baby may have gotten it from an insect bite, plant pollens or medication. In some cases, it may even be hereditary, and your child’s body reacts to the stimuli.

What do you do when your baby has diarrhoea?

If you’ve successfully determined that your child has loose stools and need diarrhoea treatment, how do you deal with it at home?

Here are some methods that experts suggest. Keep in mind that you should consult your doctor before administering any drug or new substance on your baby:

1. Do not give medicine unless your doctor says so

Only physicians are licensed to medicate your baby, so it’s always best to check with the experts.

2. Offer lots of fluids

If your paediatrician allows an oral rehydration drink, you may give that. Otherwise, offer the breast or bottle more often. Never give fruit juice, sugary drinks or off-the- counter medicine as these may aggravate the condition.

3. Continue with solid diet with some modification

You shouldn’t stop feeding your child solid food while they have loose stools, says experts. What you can do is add more whole wheat bread, lean meat like shredded chicken, oatmeal and crackers. You can also give them banana and applesauce, but do not forget protein sources. Should your child’s appetite be poor, considering offering liquid-based diets such as porridge, bee hoon soup or a simply bowl of fish soup to ensure he gets optimal fluids.

4. Keep baby’s bottom clean with gentle methods

Since your little one is pooping more often, his butt can become irritated and prone to diaper rash. The frequent cleaning can also lead to skin abrasions and that can be painful for the little one. Wash with lukewarm water instead of wipes, air dry his bottom and change diapers often to reduce the growth of bacteria. Use a diaper rash cream pre-emptively to soothe baby’s delicate skin too.

But what if you baby can’t poop? Read here

Dealing with messy tummy troubles is part and parcel of raising world-ready children. As long as you’re vigilant and informed, you can handle your child’s watery poop like a pro!

Parents, do you prepare any special food for your children when they are down with diarrhoea? Do share them too!

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Comments (2)

[…] Wash your baby’s bottles with a baby bottle detergent that has no toxic ingredients.Use a clean bottle brush and teat brush to ensure that all nooks and crannies of the bottle can be reached. In addition, remember to wash your hands before and after handling bottles. It’s tedious but necessary as our hands carry many germs from the surfaces that we touch regularly and not washing your hands thoroughly may lead to viruses that cause diarrhoea. […]

[…] mustard yellow is the standard for breastfed baby poop. Seedy and pasty looking, it resembles diarrhoea. As breastmilk is so easily digested, very little solid waste is produced, making it more watery […]

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IMPORTANT NOTICE!

Breastfeeding is the best nutrition for healthy growth and development of babies. Good maternal nutrition helps sustain an adequate supply and quality of breast milk. Unnecessary introduction of bottle-feeding, partially or fully, or of other complementary foods and drinks may have a negative impact on breastfeeding, which may be irreversible. Consult your doctor and consider the social and financial implications before deciding to use breast milk substitutes or if you have difficulty breastfeeding. Follow usage, preparation and storage instructions of breast milk substitutes or of other complementary foods and drinks carefully as improper or unnecessary use may pose a health hazard.